Boullosa, Daniel A., Abreu, Laurinda, and Leicht, Anthony S. (2012) Intense training improves prognosis on an ex-elite athlete with smoldering multiple myeloma. In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise: American College of Sports Medicine 59th Annual Meeting and 3rd World Congress on Exercise is Medicine (44(5S) Supplement 2) 3216. S636-S636. From: ACSM 2012: American College of Sports Medicine 59th Annual Meeting and 3rd World Congress on Exercise is Medicine, 29 May - 2 June 2012, San Francisco, CA, USA.

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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of a supervised training program on: changes in serum monoclonal protein level (i.e. IgG), percentage of bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs), performance, and cardiac autonomic control (i.e. heart rate [HR] variability [HRV]) on a female diagnosed with smoldering multiple myeloma.

Methods: A 38-year-old female patient with smoldering multiple myeloma and former elite youth athlete, was followed for four years while participating in a high intensity training regime designed for the development of various physical capacities. HRV was evaluated via time (root mean square of successive differences [RMSSD]) and frequency (low [LF] and high [HF]) domain parameters with analysis of two 24 hrs R-R recordings per week during a six week period at the middle and the end of the follow-up. Changes in muscular strength, muscular endurance, and aerobic capacity; IgG levels, and BMPCs were evaluated throughout the entire follow-up.

Results: HRV parameters exhibited significant (p<0.01) increments (18-29%) in RMSSD, LF, HF with the LF/HF ratio being (2.28 ± 0.41 vs. 2.22 ± 0.43, p=0.595) unchanged. Exercise performance was significantly improved (e.g. 233% increase in maximum number of pull-ups, and 22% increase in 1 repetition maximum bench press). Similarly, IgG levels exhibited a significant (p<0.001) reduction (44%, from 3,290 mg·dL-1 vs. 1,840 mg·dL-1) while BMPCs also decreased from 20% to 10%.

Conclusions: The current case report results indicated that an intense training program designed for the development of various physical capacities, and adapted to the patient's former elite training background, significantly improved exercise performance, cardiac autonomic control, and hematologic function that may improve long-term prognosis for smoldering multiple myeloma. Examination of similar exercise training for other cancer populations may assist in the development of treatment regimes for improved prognosis.

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