Jha, Chandra Kant, and Plummer, David (2012) Unpacking drug detoxification in Nepal: in-depth interviews with participants to identify reasons for success and failure. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 16 (2). pp. 55-69.

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Abstract

Objective: This study conducted an in-depth exploration of the factors which helped people to detoxify from drugs and the factors which led to relapse among 20 participants from Kathmandu and Pokhara in Nepal.

Methods: The research took a phenomenological approach using in-depth interviews for data collection and all data were analyzed using a grounded theory framework.

Results: The study found that detoxification and rehabilitation services for drug users were mostly provided by private organizations. Some of these organizations had a comprehensive plan, trained staff and counselors. Most counselors were ex-drug users, and they functioned as mentors and role models who helped some drug users to realize that successful detoxification from drugs is possible. This approach enabled current drug users to adhere to the detoxification program. These service providers recognized that 'frustration' and lack of support are leading causes of a relapse. The best programs included activities to help the drug users to confront these frustrations. Participants who demonstrated a strong ability to manage the frustrations inherent in drug withdrawal were considered to be more able to avoid relapse after discharge.

Conclusions: The evidence-base is lacking concerning successful detoxification and rehabilitation in Nepal. There is also no clear policy on detoxification and rehabilitation services. The Government of Nepal needs to develop guidelines for coordination, supervision, monitoring, evaluation and accreditation of organizations which provide detoxification and rehabilitation services.

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