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[(sub-Saharan)-328.2(Africa)-321(\(Steinmann)-326.2(et)-322.8(al.,)-318.7(2006\).)-323.9(However,)-324.7(some)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(estimates)-307.5(indicate)-303.5(that)-301(as)-304.3(many)-302.1(as)-304.3(400)-302(million)-302.4(people)-306(are)-297.3(af-)]TJ
T*
[(fected)-331.8(\(King,)-327.4(2010\).)-323.9(In)-328(Africa,)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
13.3793 0 TD
[(Schistosoma)-328.1(haematobium)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
10.9007 0 TD
[(is)-327.3(the)]TJ
-24.28 -1.2266 TD
[(most)-432.1(prevalent)-439.5(human)-435.2(schistosome;)-433.9(it)-434(causes)-439(urinary)-430.9(tract)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(schistosomiasis,)-310.4(comprising)-308.7(approximately)-314(two-thirds)-308.6(of)-306.7(the)]TJ
T*
[(worlds)-419.5(cases)-425(of)-420.6(schistosomiasis,)-424.2(whereas)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
19.1395 0 TD
[(S.)-418.3(mansoni)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.0457 0 TD
[(is)-422.2(the)]TJ
-24.1851 -1.2266 TD
[(principal)-199.6(cause)-197.4(of)-199.3(intestinal)-196.1(schistosomiasis)-206.3(and)-195.6(is)-194.5(responsible)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(for)-193.6(approximately)-200.2(one-third)-201(of)-192.9(all)-196.3(cases.)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
17.3058 0 TD
[(S.)-197(mansoni)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
4.5968 0 TD
[(also)-196.8(causes)]TJ
-21.9026 -1.2203 TD
[(schistosomiasis)-332.8(in)-323.1(Latin)-326(America,)-321(with)-331.5(most)-324.6(of)-319.4(the)-326.2(cases)-330.1(oc-)]TJ
T*
[(curring)-462.3(in)-455.8(Brazil,)-461.6(while)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
11.1346 0 TD
[(S.)-456.3(japonicum)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.9119 0 TD
(and)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
2.1308 0 TD
[(S.)-462.6(mekongi)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.071 0 TD
(cause)Tj
-24.2484 -1.2266 TD
[(approximately)-295(one)-284.3(million)-289.7(cases)-292.2(of)-287.8(intestinal)-290.9(schistosomiasis)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(in)-607.6(East)-605(Asia)-600.1(\(Steinmann)-610.8(et)-607.4(al.,)-603.2(2006\).)-602.1(Schistosomiasis)-608.1(is)]TJ
T*
[(transmitted)-377.1(through)-376.9(contact)-378.2(with)-375.7(freshwater)-374.7(containing)-377.8(the)]TJ
0 -1.2267 TD
[(infective)-542.3(free-swimming)-539.2(microscopic)-536.2(cercariae,)-536.4(which)-536(like)]TJ
27.9978 74.5598 TD
[(hookworm)-193.1(L3,)-182.5(actively)-188.4(penetrate)-189(the)-187.1(skin)-183.4(of)-186.6(their)-191.4(human)-182.3(host.)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(Cercariae)-420.5(that)-414.8(have)-414.5(entered)-418.2(human)-416.2(skin)-417.3(shed)-412.3(their)-419(tails)-413(to)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(become)-212.5(schistosomula,)-210.7(which)-207.2(enter)-213(the)-206.1(vasculature)-210(and)-208.2(lungs)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(before)-400.2(relocating)-403.2(to)-395.3(the)-395.8(venous)-401.5(system)-397(where)-397.5(they)-393.9(become)]TJ
T*
[(sexually)-312.9(mature)-309.3(adults,)-309.3(pair,)-311.5(then)-310.6(mate,)-310.2(and)-309.4(egg)-305.9(production)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(begins)-194(\(Gryseels)-200(et)-190.1(al.,)-192.2(2006\).)-191.1(Adults)-194.4(of)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
16.7557 0 TD
[(S.)-190.7(haematobium)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
6.5316 0 TD
(migrate)Tj
-23.2873 -1.2203 TD
[(to)-211.9(the)-206.1(venous)-211.8(plexus)-211.9(that)-206.2(drains)-207.5(the)-212.4(bladder)-203.8(and)-208.2(reproductive)]TJ
T*
[(organs,)-438.7(whereas,)-439.2(for)-433.9(example,)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
14.0495 0 TD
[(S.)-437.3(mansoni)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.0773 0 TD
(and)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
2.1119 0 TD
[(S.)-431(japonicum)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
-21.2387 -1.2266 TD
[(migrate)-366.5(to)-363.6(the)-364.2(mesenteric)-366.4(veins)-363(draining)-362.9(the)-364.2(intestine)-363.7(\(Gry-)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(seels)-416.9(et)-411.4(al.,)-407.2(2006\).)-412.4(Female)-409.5(schistosomes)-413.3(produce)-413(eggs,)-411.3(each)]TJ
T*
[(equipped)-508(with)-502.2(a)-499(spine)-502.7(that)-503.3(helps)-502.7(to)-502.8(facilitate)-503.4(penetration)]TJ
T*
[(through)-421.2(blood)-408.5(vessels)-419(and)-410.6(into)-414.8(the)-414.7(urinary)-412(tract)-411.4(and)-410.6(geni-)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(tals)-434.8(\()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
2.2763 0 TD
[(S.)-424.6(haematobium)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
6.5695 0 TD
[(\))-430.4(o)0(r)-433.4(intestine)-433.2(and)-429.5(liver)-432(\()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
11.0841 0 TD
[(S.)-424.6(mansoni)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.0646 0 TD
(and)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
-24.9945 -1.2203 TD
[(S.)-342.4(japonicum)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.3429 0 TD
[(\).)-338.5(Much)-344.3(of)-344.7(the)-338.9(pathological)-346.6(effects)-343.2(from)-342.9(schisto-)]TJ
-5.3429 -1.2203 TD
[(somiasis)-257.5(are)-259.3(a)-252.4(result)-253.9(of)-256.2(the)-256.7(immune)-256.2(response)-257.2(to)-256.2(parasite)-252.9(eggs)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(trapped)-227.6(in)-228.2(host)-222.9(tissues)-230.5(during)-225(chronic)-227.3(infection.)-228.3(The)-221.3(resulting)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(granulomata)-272(become)-269.4(brotic,)-270(which)-270.5(in)-272.5(turn,)-268.1(results)-267.8(in)-272.5(severe)]TJ
T*
[(circulatory)-477.1(impairment)-475.4(in)-474.8(the)-478(affected)-477.2(organs)-473.7(\(Pearce)-475.3(and)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(MacDonald,)-330.3(2002\).)-323.9(In)-321.6(both)-327.2(Brazil)-325.9(and)-322(in)-323.1(sub-Saharan)-328.2(Africa)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(coinfections)-557.6(with)-552.8(hookworms)-548.5(and)-549.7(schistosomes)-552.4(are)-550.2(com-)]TJ
T*
[(monly)-283.6(encountered)-285.9(\(Hotez)-287.6(et)-278.6(al.,)-280.8(2010\).)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
0 -2.447 TD
[(Genomics)-334.8(and)-338.2(Transcriptomics)]TJ
/F9 1 Tf
0 -1.8336 TD
(Schistosomes)Tj
/F4 1 Tf
1.1128 -1.8336 TD
[(Draft)-691.7(genome)-690.8(sequences)-687.3(were)-691.3(recently)-694.5(published)-685.7(for)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
-1.1128 -1.2203 TD
[(S.)-298.2(mansoni)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
4.8054 0 TD
(and)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
1.9791 0 TD
[(S.)-298.2(japonicum)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.5958 0 TD
[(\(Berriman)-299.6(et)-297.5(al.,)-299.7(2009;)-298.1(The)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
11.8555 0 TD
(Schis-)Tj
-24.2357 -1.2203 TD
[(tosoma)-936.2(japonicum)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
8.8458 0 TD
[(Genome)-931.7(Sequencing)-934.9(and)-929(Functional)]TJ
-8.8458 -1.2266 TD
[(Analysis)-473.7(Consortium,)-478.5(2009\).)-469.3(There)-468.5(is)-472.7(very)-467.3(little)-473(annotated)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(sequence)-382.5(data)-375.5(available)-380.9(for)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
12.5889 0 TD
[(S.)-374.1(haematobium)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
6.5189 0 TD
[(,)-376(despite)-376.2(it)-377.1(being)]TJ
-19.1078 -1.2203 TD
[(widely)-319.5(considered)-320.3(as)-310.6(the)-319.9(most)-311.9(important)-319.6(of)-319.4(the)-313.6(schistosome)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(species)-329.1(in)-323.1(terms)-322.4(of)-325.7(prevalence)-324.4(and)-322(pathogenicity)-329.9(\(Rollinson,)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(2009\).)-216.4(For)-210.2(the)-212.4(purposes)-218.7(of)-211.9(this)-211(review,)-211.6(we)-216.5(will)-208.2(focus)-213.9(primarily)]TJ
T*
(on)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
1.4037 0 TD
[(S.)-291.9(mansoni)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
4.4956 0 TD
[(.)-287.4(The)-290.8(haploid)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
6.1332 0 TD
[(S.)-285.5(mansoni)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
8.9663 0 0 8.9663 463.8046 364.1385 Tm
[(genome)-292.5(is)-289.4(approxima-)]TJ
-16.8126 -1.2203 TD
[(tely)-450.9(363)-162.9(Mb)-445.8(in)-449.5(size)-446.9(and)-442.2(contains)-449.9(almost)-447.8(12,000)-443.1(genes,)-448.1(dis-)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(tributed)-330(across)-327.4(seven)-327.7(autosomal)-325(plus)-323.7(sex)-325.8(chromosome)-330.5(pairs)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(\(ZW)-237.7(in)-240.9(the)-237.7(female)-234.8(and)-239.8(ZZ)-236.1(in)-234.5(the)-237.7(male\))-234.9(\(Berriman)-242.7(et)-234.3(al.,)-236.5(2009\).)]TJ
T*
[(Prior)-622.4(to)-616.6(the)-617.1(sequencing)-621.6(of)-622.9(the)-617.1(genomes,)-619.2(comprehensive)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(transcriptomic)-361.6(datasets)-353.2(\(Verjovski-Almeida)-359.3(et)-354.5(al.,)-350.3(2003\))-352.6(and)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(genetic)-295.4(maps)-290.6(\(Criscione)-293.3(et)-291.2(al.,)-287.1(2009\))-289.4(were)-286.7(published,)-290.3(provid-)]TJ
T*
[(ing)-302.2(scaffolds)-302.5(with)-299.9(which)-295.7(to)-300.4(assemble)-298.3(the)-300.9(genome)-298.8(sequences.)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(DNA)-382.2(microarrays)-383.1(have)-382.9(been)-380.7(generated)-377.9(by)-381.9(multiple)-378(groups)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(and)-467.5(utilized)-463.8(to)-464.8(explore)-471.9(transcriptional)-466.1(proles)-467.8(of)-464.8(different)]TJ
T*
[(developmental)-306.4(stages)-297.8(of)-300.4(the)-300.9(parasite)-297.1(\(Fitzpatrick)-302.2(et)-303.9(al.,)-293.4(2009;)]TJ
T*
[(Gobert)-367.4(et)-360.8(al.,)-356.6(2009b,)-359.5(2010;)-361.4(Jolly)-362.5(et)-360.8(al.,)-356.6(2007\))-365.2(\(Fig.)-357.2(1\))-360.4(and)-360(the)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(transcriptional)-409.2(effects)-400.1(of)-401.6(different)-403.9(treatments)-402(\(Gobert,)-402.4(2010;)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(Gobert)-430.6(et)-430.3(al.,)-432.5(2010\).)-425.1(Fitzpatrick)-428.2(and)-429.5(colleagues)-432.8(\(Fitzpatrick)]TJ
T*
[(et)-354.5(al.,)-344(2009\))-352.6(conducted)-353.9(a)-347.3(thorough)-354.4(characterization)-350.6(of)-351(schis-)]TJ
0 -1.2267 TD
[(tosome)-611.8(development)-606.9(using)-608.4(statistical)-613.6(and)-606.6(network-based)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(exploratory)-593.7(analyses,)-584.9(and)-587.6(highlighted)-589.4(key)-584.1(transcriptional)]TJ
T*
[(changes)-302.1(associated)-301.5(with)-299.9(life)-298.3(cycle)-297.3(progression)-300.4(and)-303.1(identied)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(numerous)-381.4(candidate)-378.3(molecules)-382.2(for)-377(drug)-376.2(and)-378.9(va)18.7(cc)14.1(in)12.1(e)-366.6(d)0(e)16.1(v)0(e)12(l)0(-)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(op)14.8(me)15.2(nt,)-316.6(in)12.1(cl)16.2(ud)14.6(in)18.4(g)-333.2(m)0(e)15.2(m)0(b)17(r)0(a)18.8(n)0(e)-325.8(s)0(p)16.3(a)0(n)16.1(n)0(i)12(n)0(g)-323.9(p)0(r)16.9(o)0(t)15.7(e)0(i)15.5(n)0(s)14.3(,)-331.7(su)16.3(ch)-325.1(as)-323.3(th)15.1(e)]TJ
T*
[(G-)13.4(pro)20.5(te)12.3(in)-259.8(cou)21.9(pl)14.1(ed)-268.5(re)18.4(ce)13.5(pt)17.1(or)15.5(s)-273.2(a)0(n)16.1(d)-274.9(te)12.3(t)12.2(r)0(a)12.4(s)0(p)16.3(a)0(n)16.1(i)0(n)12.1(s)0(.)]TJ
1.1128 -1.2266 TD
[(Schistosomes)-309.3(are)-303.6(acoelomate)-308.7(organisms)-305.4(\(i.e.,)-303.5(which)-308.4(lack)-303.9(a)]TJ
-1.1128 -1.2203 TD
[(dened)-537(body)-526.8(cavity\),)-536.1(and)-530.7(have)-534.7(parenchymal)-531(tissues)-534(sur-)]TJ
T*
[(rounding)-364(their)-355.7(organs,)-356.5(making)-354.3(the)-357.8(manual)-359(dissection)-353.6(of)-357.3(or-)]TJ
T*
[(gans)-514.5(or)-509.3(organ)-510.3(systems)-512.1(difcult.)-517.1(Recent)-513(advances)-512.5(in)-506.4(laser)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(microdissection)-465(microscopy)-461.9(\(LMM\),)-459.7(however,)-460.9(has)-459.5(allowed)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(researchers)-265.8(to)-256.2(start)-261.7(to)-262.5(assemble)-260.4(a)-252.4(gene)-260.5(atlas)-257.3(for)-263.2(schistosomes,)]TJ
T*
[(whereby)-387.4(the)-389.5(transcriptional)-390.2(proles)-385.6(of)-388.9(dened)-385.2(schistosome)]TJ
0 -1.2267 TD
[(tissues)-211.5(or)-212.1(organs)-208.1(have)-205.9(been)-209.9(delineated)-212.1(using)-210(a)-201.9(combination)-210.3(of)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
-27.9978 77.2217 TD
(568)Tj
46.8844 0 TD
[(LOUKAS)-337.5(ET)-338.7(AL.)]TJ
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[(LMM)-291.4(to)-287.8(isolate)-289.2(dened)-290.4(tissues)-287.4(for)-294.8(RNA)-283.8(extraction,)-293.3(followed)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(by)-653.8(microarray)-653.6(analysis)-648.8(to)-654.5(specically)-657.3(identify)-651(the)-655(most)]TJ
T*
[(abundant)-571.5(transcripts)-568.5(in)-563.3(tissues)-571.9(of)-566(interest)-566.1(\(Gobert)-570.2(et)-563.1(al.,)]TJ
T*
[(2009a\).)-215.9(This)-213.6(approach)-210.2(has)-212.9(proven)-217.5(particularly)-213.9(relevant)-216.8(for)-212.6(the)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(selection)-197.4(of)-192.9(antigens)-193(for)-187.3(vaccine)-195.3(and)-189.3(drug)-192.8(development.)-192.5(LMM)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(has)-231.8(been)-228.9(used)-233.2(successfully)-232(to)-230.9(dissect)-236.4(the)-225.1(gut)-233.9(and)-227.2(other)-234.9(tissues)]TJ
T*
(of)Tj
/F7 1 Tf
1.1634 0 TD
[(S.)-304.5(japonicum)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.6021 0 TD
[(\(Gobert)-304.7(et)-297.5(al.,)-299.7(2009a\),)-298.1(allowing)-300.5(for)-301.1(the)-307.3(identi-)]TJ
-6.7655 -1.2267 TD
[(cation)-359.7(of)-363.6(147)-352.6(genes)-363(that)-357.9(were)-356.2(upregulated)-363.3(in)-361(the)-357.8(gastroin-)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(testinal)-859.4(tract)-860.3(of)-856.8(the)-857.3(adult)-855.1(female)-854.5(worm.)-859.2(Given)-853.6(that)]TJ
T*
[(schistosomes)-324.8(reside)-311.8(in)-316.7(the)-319.9(vasculature)-317.5(and)-315.7(ingest)-316.5(blood)-313.7(as)-317(a)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(source)-207.7(of)-205.6(nutrition,)-212.2(the)-206.1(gut)-202.3(of)-205.6(the)-206.1(parasite)-208.6(is)-200.9(considered)-206.5(to)-205.6(be)-206.6(a)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(vulnerable)-307.8(tissue)-298.7(to)-306.7(target)-302.6(for)-301.1(vaccine)-302.8(development.)-300(Numer-)]TJ
T*
[(ous)-441.7(proteolytic)-442.8(enzymes)-436(\(proteases\))-444.5(were)-438.4(among)-437.6(the)-440(most)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(highly)-206(expressed)-205.5(genes)-204.9(in)-202.9(gut)-202.3(tissues.)-208.1(Given)-202.3(their)-204(central)-209.1(roles)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(in)-721.4(the)-724.6(proteolysis)-730.2(of)-717.7(haemoglobin)-727(and)-720.4(serum)-721.6(proteins)]TJ
T*
[(\(Brindley)-218(et)-221.7(al.,)-211.2(2001;)-215.9(Caffrey)-220.6(et)-215.3(al.,)-217.5(2004;)-215.9(Delcroix)-215.6(et)-215.3(al.,)-217.5(2006\),)]TJ
T*
[(these)-314.8(enzymes)-309.5(are)-303.6(likely)-310.2(to)-306.7(be)-307.8(critical)-307(for)-313.8(survival)-308.6(and,)-306(thus,)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(worthy)-234.7(vaccine)-233.3(targets.)-231(Indeed,)-229.2(at)-227.6(least)-232.3(one)-227.4(of)-230.9(these)-232.6(proteases)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(has)-231.8(been)-228.9(shown)-233.8(to)-224.5(be)-231.9(essential)-227.8(for)-231.6(the)-231.4(development)-233.8(of)-224.5(worms)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
T*
[(in)-309.8(vitro)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
3.3575 0 TD
[(and)-315.7(survival)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
5.8803 0 TD
[(in)-309.8(vivo)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
3.1488 0 TD
[(using)-311.2(gene)-317.4(silencing)-313.1(approaches)]TJ
-12.3866 -1.2266 TD
[(\()-89(Morales)-227.8(et)-228(al.,)-230.2(2008\),)-229.1(more)-228.6(of)-230.9(which)-226.2(will)-227.2(be)-231.9(discussed)-229(later)-231.7(in)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(the)-263(section)-263.6(on)-259.1(postgenomic)-263.4(applications.)-262.8(Recently,)-264.6(we)-260.8(used)-258.5(a)]TJ
T*
[(microarray)-546.1(for)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
7.1828 0 TD
[(S.)-544.8(mansoni)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.2986 0 TD
[(to)-547(identify)-549.8(the)-547.5(most)-545.9(abundant)]TJ
-12.4814 -1.2266 TD
[(transcripts)-201.7(in)-190.3(maturing)-194.3(schistosomula)-201.5(\(Gobert)-190.8(et)-196.4(al.,)-192.2(2010\),)-191.1(the)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(developmental)-249.5(stage)-245.9(of)-249.8(the)-244(parasite)-246.6(that)-250.4(is)-245.1(widely)-243.6(considered)]TJ
T*
[(to)-237.2(be)-231.9(the)-237.7(most)-236.1(vulnerable)-232(to)-237.2(the)-231.4(immune)-237.3(response)-238.3(against)-233.4(the)]TJ
T*
[(parasite)-328.8(\()-82.7(McManus)-324.9(and)-322(Loukas,)-318.8(2008\).)-323.9(The)-322.4(most)-324.6(highly)-319.9(up-)]TJ
28.0042 31.7726 TD
[(regulated)-278.3(genes)-274.5(included)-276.2(a)-277.7(tetraspanin)-279.1(\()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
17.6283 0 TD
(Sm-tsp-3)Tj
/F4 1 Tf
3.6736 0 TD
[(one)-277(of)-281.4(the)]TJ
-21.3019 -1.2203 TD
[(genes)-394.6(also)-386.5(highlighted)-399.7(by)-388.2(Fitzpatrick)-396.6(et)-392.4(al.,)-388.3(2009\),)-393.5(which)-390.6(is)]TJ
T*
[(known)-331.7(to)-338.4(be)-333.1(expressed)-338.3(in)-329.4(the)-338.9(outer)-334(apical)-335.5(membrane)-331.7(of)-338.4(the)]TJ
T*
[(parasite)-354.1(\(Braschi)-359(and)-353.7(Wilson,)-357.9(2006\),)-349.2(and)-353.7(was)-356.5(1,600-fold)-352.6(up-)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
[(regulated)-366.9(during)-370.5(the)-370.5(rst)-365.9(5)-366.2(days)-368.6(of)-363.7(schistosomula)-372.2(develop-)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(ment;)-402.6(intestinal)-404.7(proteases)-405.6(belonging)-402.8(to)-401.6(distinct)-400.7(mechanistic)]TJ
T*
[(classes)-335(were)-337.2(also)-342.2(highly)-338.8(upregulated,)-334.6(including)-341.6(orthologues)]TJ
0 -1.2267 TD
[(of)-281.4(some)-279.8(proteases)-279.1(of)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
9.2567 0 TD
[(S.)-279.2(japonicum)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.5578 0 TD
[(that)-275.7(were)-280.3(highly)-281.9(expressed)]TJ
-14.8146 -1.2203 TD
[(in)-278.8(gut)-284.5(tissue)-279.8(\(Gobert)-285.7(et)-278.6(al.,)-280.8(2009a\).)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
1.1128 -1.2203 TD
[(S.)-374.1(h)-12.2(a)-11.9(e)-7(m)-14(to)-18.7(b)-9.9(i)-14.5(um)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
6.5442 0 TD
.0107 Tc
[(is)-357.3(the)-362.3(m)10.7(o)-8.6(s)3.1(t)-362.8(p)3(re)10.7(v)-8.9(a)-1.5(le)10.7(n)-5.2(t)-362.8(of)-362.8(t)10.7(h)-5.8(e)-362.2(h)1(uma)10.7(n)-365.2(schis-)]TJ
-7.657 -1.2266 TD
0 Tc
[(to)-22.2(s)-7.6(o)-9.1(m)-10.2(e)-12.5(s)-387(a)-12.2(n)-9.7(d)-382.4(i)-16.2(s)-387(ar)-19.2(g)-10.7(u)-7.7(a)-12.2(b)-10.7(l)-9.9(y)-383.8(t)-13.1(h)-9.7(e)-385.6(m)-10.2(o)-9.1(s)-14(t)-386.2(p)-7.7(r)-13.3(o)-9.1(b)-10.7(l)-9.9(e)-12.5(m)-10.2(at)-19(i)-9.9(c)-385(i)-9.9(n)-389.1(t)-13.1(e)-12.5(r)-7(m)-10.2(s)-387(o)-9.1(f)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(h)-9.7(u)-7.7(m)-10.2(a)-12.2(n)-357.5(m)-10.2(o)-9.1(r)-13.3(b)-10.7(i)-9.9(d)-9.3(i)-9.9(ty)-17.5(,)-357(l)-9.9(e)-12.5(a)-12.2(d)-9.3(i)-9.9(n)-9.7(g)-358.5(i)-9.9(n)-357.5(m)-10.2(a)0(n)-21.9(y)-352.2(c)-11.9(a)-12.2(s)-7.6(e)-12.5(s)-355.4(t)-13.1(o)-356.9(s)-7.6(q)-10.7(u)-14(am)-16(o)-15.4(u)-7.7(s)-355.4(c)-11.9(e)-12.5(l)-9.9(l)]TJ
T*
[(c)-11.9(a)0(r)-19.2(c)0(i)-21.8(n)-9.7(o)-9.1(m)-10.2(a)-524.3(o)-9.1(f)-531.6(t)0(h)-16.5(e)-531(b)-10.7(l)-9.9(ad)-15.2(d)-15.6(e)0(r)-531.7(\()-13.1(S)-11.1(t)-13.1(ei)-16.1(n)-16(m)0(a)-16(n)-9.7(n)-528.2(e)-12.5(t)-525.3(a)-12.2(l)-9.9(.)-9.2(,)-527.7(2)0(0)-18(0)-12.2(6\))-19(.)-527.7(A)-7.7(l)-9.9(a)-12.2(r)-7(-)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
.0117 Tc
[(mingly,)-351.6(a)-354.5(r)4.7(e)-.8(ce)11.7(n)-10.6(t)-349.2(re)11.7(p)-8.5(o)2.6(rt)-349.2(rev)4.6(e)-.8(ale)11.7(d)-357.9(that)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
17.1224 0 TD
0 Tc
[(S)-10.7(.)-363.3(ha)-17.8(e)-13.4(m)-7.7(a)-11.9(t)-13.1(ob)-15.5(i)-14.5(u)-10.7(m)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
6.9805 0 TD
.011 Tc
[(and)-352.4(a)]TJ
-24.1029 -1.2203 TD
.0112 Tc
[(ca)11.2(t)-7.7(t)11.2(l)-11.8(e)-330.1(schistosome,)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
8.7256 0 TD
.0106 Tc
[(S.)-333.7(bovis)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
3.2626 0 TD
.0107 Tc
[(,)-333.7(h)1(ave)-337(h)1(ybridiz)10.7(e)-7.7(d)-340.1(in)-334.1(the)-337(S)-.4(e)10.7(n)-11.6(e)10.7(g)-6.3(al)]TJ
-11.9882 -1.2203 TD
.0113 Tc
[(River)-400.4(B)2(a)11.3(s)-8.5(in)-396.8(in)-396.8(Af)11.3(r)-8.8(i)1.4(ca)11.3(,)-408.4(a)11.3(n)-4.2(d)-402.7(hyb)11.3(r)-6.5(id)-396.4(pa)11.3(r)-7.9(a)11.3(s)-8.5(i)1.4(te)11.3(s)-407.2(h)1.6(ave)-399.6(b).6(e)11.3(e)-7.5(n)-396.8(d)2(e-)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
[(te)-19.3(c)-11.9(t)-13.1(ed)-521.4(i)-9.9(n)-515.5(h)-9.7(u)-14(m)-10.2(a)0(n)-521.4(u)-14(r)-7(i)-16.2(n)-9.7(e)-512.1(a)-12.2(n)-9.7(d)-515.2(f)-13.1(ec)-18.1(e)-12.5(s)-7.6(,)-515.1(p)-14(r)-7(o)-9.1(m)-10.2(p)-14(t)-13.1(i)-9.9(n)-9.7(g)-510.3(f)-13.1(e)-12.5(ar)-19.2(s)-513.5(o)-15.4(f)-512.6(a)-12.1(n)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
.0105 Tc
[(e)10.5(m)-5.9(erging)-525(pathogen)-524(t)10.5(h)-12.3(a)10.5(t)-533.3(might)-527.4(d)1.2(isplay)-525(hybrid)-529.9(vigor,)-523.5(in-)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
0 Tc
[(c)-11.9(l)-9.9(u)-7.7(d)-9.3(i)-9.9(n)-9.7(g)-270(e)0(n)-22.3(h)-9.7(an)-21.9(ce)-18.1(d)-262.2(p)-14(a)-12.2(t)0(h)-16.5(o)-15.4(ge)-17(n)-9.7(e)-12.5(s)-14(i)-9.9(s)-260.6(\()-13.1(H)-12.6(u)-7.7(y)-10.7(s)-14(e)-265.5(e)0(t)-272.3(a)-12.2(l)-9.9(.)-9.2(,)-268.5(2)0(0)-18(0)-12.2(9\))-18.9(.)-262.2(D)-14(e)-12.6(s)-7.6(p)-7.7(i)-16.2(te)]TJ
T*
[(i)-9.9(t)0(s)-615.1(i)-9.9(m)-10.2(p)-7.7(o)-9.1(r)-13.3(t)-13.1(a)0(n)-15.5(c)-11.9(e)-12.5(,)-603.6(th)-22.8(er)-19.6(e)-600.6(i)-9.9(s)-602(a)-606.5(d)-9.3(e)-12.5(ar)-19.2(th)-610.9(o)-15.4(f)-601.1(g)-10.7(e)-12.5(n)-9.7(o)-9.1(m)-10.2(i)-9.9(c)-606.3(a)0(n)-15.5(d)-603.7(t)-13.1(r)-7(a)-12.2(n)-9.7(-)]TJ
0 -1.2266 TD
.0102 Tc
[(scriptomic)-191.4(information)-189.2(f)-2.9(or)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
11.8302 0 TD
0 Tc
[(S)-10.7(.)-198.9(ha)-17.8(e)-13.3(m)-7.7(a)-11.9(t)-13.1(ob)-15.5(i)-14.5(u)-10.7(m)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
6.462 0 TD
[(,)-198.9(h)-16(am)-16(p)-14(e)0(r)-19.6(i)-9.9(n)-9.7(g)-200.4(e)-12.5(f)0(f)-19.9(o)-9.1(r)-13.3(t)0(s)]TJ
-18.2922 -1.2203 TD
.0108 Tc
[(t)10.8(o)-314.9(deve)10.8(l)-5.3(o)-4.6(p)-306.7(v)3.7(accine)10.8(s)-319.2(f)10.8(o)-11.4(r)-306(t)10.8(h)-12(is)-306.7(org)10.8(a)-5.8(nism.)-308.3(R).2(ollinson)-308.7(\()10.8(2)-8.1(0)-1.3(0)10.8(9)-7.2(\))-305.8(e)-1.7(lo-)]TJ
T*
.0116 Tc
[(quently)-682(e)-.9(mphasiz)11.6(e)-6.8(d)-686.9(t)11.6(he)-690.1(ne)11.6(e)-7.2(d)-686.9(t)11.6(o)-693.5(pr)4.6(omot)11.6(e)-690.6(r)-1.7(esea)11.6(r)-7.6(c)-.3(h)-681(o)-3.8(n)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
0 -1.2266 TD
.0112 Tc
[(S.)-516.5(ha)11.2(e)-7.8(m)3.5(atobium)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
7.3156 0 TD
.0105 Tc
[(in)-517.7(order)-515(t)-2.6(o)-523.4(c)10.5(o)-10.5(n).8(t)10.5(r)-9.6(ol)-517.8(i)-5.7(t)-514.8(eff)10.5(e)-8.8(ctively,)-517.2(but)-521.1(t)-2.6(he)]TJ
-7.3156 -1.2203 TD
0 Tc
[(r)-7(e)-12.5(s)-7.6(e)-12.5(a)-12.2(r)-7(c)-11.9(h)-332.2(co)-21(m)-10.2(m)-10.2(u)-7.7(n)-9.7(i)-9.9(t)-13.1(y)-326.9(h)-9.7(a)-12.2(s)-330.1(b)-10.7(ee)-18.8(n)-332.2(s)-7.6(l)-9.9(o)-9.1(w)-330.4(t)-13.1(o)-325.2(a)-12.2(d)-9.3(o)-9.1(p)-14(t)-329.3(t)-13.1(h)-9.7(i)-9.9(s)-330.1(s)-7.6(p)-14(ec)-18.1(i)-9.9(e)-12.6(s)-330.1(a)0(s)]TJ
T*
.0106 Tc
[(t)10.6(h)-12.2(e)-425.6(p)-3.4(rio)-4.8(r)3.6(ity)-430.1(f)10.6(o)-11.6(r)-426.4(re)10.6(s)-9.6(e)10.6(a)-7.8(r)-2.7(c)10.6(h)-441(due)-431.9(t)10.6(o)-441.6(i).7(t)10.6(s)-440.1(reduc)10.6(e)-7.5(d)-428.7(t)-2.5(ract)10.6(a)-8.3(b)-.1(ility)-430.1(i).7(n)]TJ
T*
.0089 Tc
[(la)8.9(b)-7.7(o)-6.5(ra)-3.3(t)8.9(o)-13.3(ry)-280(a)-3.3(n)-.8(ima)-3.3(l)-279.2(mode)-3.6(l)-279.2(s)-5.1(t)-4.2(u)1.2(die)-3.6(s)1.3(.)]TJ
ET
q
490.48 0 0 288.907 59.754 443.338 cm
/Im1 Do
Q
BT
/F5 1 Tf
8.9663 0 0 8.9663 59.7543 426.5574 Tm
0 Tc
[(FIG.)-254.6(1.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
4.015 0 TD
[(Percentage)-249.1(of)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
6.1332 0 TD
[(Schistosoma)-252.2(mansoni)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
8.8078 0 TD
[(genes)-255.5(encoding)-253.6(for)-250.5(secreted/membrane)-257(proteins)-253.7(that)-250.4(underwent)-254(equal)-255.3(to)-249.8(or)-250.1(more)]TJ
-18.9561 -1.1128 TD
[(than)-468.3(twofold)-469.9(increased)-465.8(expression)-471.6(in)-462.2(each)-470(category.)-463.3(Categories)-467.9(included)-465.9(3-h-old)-468.4(versus)-466.9(5-day-old)-471.9(schistosomula)-467.1(in)-462.2(the)]TJ
0 -1.1065 TD
[(presence)-378.8(or)-376.5(absence)-380.8(of)-376.3(red)-370.3(blood)-376.9(cells)-380.6(\(RBC\).)-378(All)-375.2(genes)-375.6(that)-376.9(were)-375.2(upregulated)-375.9(were)-381.5(screened)-374.1(for)-377(the)-376.8(presence)-378.8(of)-376.3(a)-372.6(signal)]TJ
0 -1.1128 TD
[(peptide)-350.9(or)-351.2(anchor)-350.5(using)-342.8(the)-351.5(SignalP)-349.3(Web)-344.8(server;)-353.9(those)-349.3(ORFS)-345.3(with)-350.5(a)-347.3(signal)-344.5(peptide/anchor)-356.7(were)-349.9(then)-348.6(further)-348.4(screened)-355.1(for)]TJ
T*
[(transmembrane)-444.6(\(TM\))-432.7(domains)-441(using)-437.6(TMPred.)-439.6(The)-436.2(tables)-432.8(show)-439.1(the)-440(10)-435.3(most)-438.4(highly)-433.7(upregulated)-439.1(genes)-438.9(in)-436.9(each)-438.4(category.)]TJ
T*
[(Reproduced)-338(from)-336.6(Gobert)-335.8(et)-335.5(al.,)-331.3(2010b.)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
0 41.5984 TD
[(HELMINTH)-339(VACCINOMICS)]TJ
53.0113 0 TD
(569)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
75 0 obj
<>stream
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