Wolanski, Eric, Mazda, Yoshihiro, Furukawa, Keita, Ridd, Peter, Johnson, Kitheka, Spagnol, Simon, and Stieglitz, Thomas (2001) Water circulation in mangroves, and its implications for biodiversity. In: Wolanski, Eric, (ed.) Oceanographic Processes of Coral Reefs. CRC Press Inc, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 53-76.

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Abstract

[Extract] There are two dominant types of mangrove swamps, the riverine type that fringes rivers and tidal creeks, and the open water type that is directly exposed by waves (Lugo & Snedaker, 1974). The former type is the most common, with a strip of mangroves typically 50 to 300m wide fringing the tidal creek or river on either side. Such an example is the 5-km-long mangrove-fringed Merbok River estuary in Malaysia (Figure 1). The second type is generally present only in embayments protected by shallow reefs and mud or sand banks that allow wave attack only around high tide. Missionary Bay in Australia (Figure 1b) is a typical example of an extensive mangrove swamp that is protected from the prevailing trade winds but nevertheless is occasionally attacked by waves in the monsoon season. Along coral reefs, mangroves can also be present and are protected from excessive wave attack by waves breaking on the fringing reefs. Along muddy coasts a strip of mangroves, typically a few hundred meters wide, can fringe the open coast, and these are very frequently under wave attack; nevertheless, they survive. Such is the case of the Thuy Hai coast of the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam (Figure 1c).

Item ID:	14328
Item Type:	Book Chapter (Research - B1)
ISBN:	978-0-8493-0833-8
Keywords:	mangrove swamp
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2017 23:36
FoR Codes:	04 EARTH SCIENCES > 0405 Oceanography > 040503 Physical Oceanography @ 51% 04 EARTH SCIENCES > 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience > 040608 Surfacewater Hydrology @ 49%
SEO Codes:	97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970102 Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences @ 100%
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