Effects of meander curvature in thermally stratified turbulent open-channel flow

Nguyen, D., Kirkpatrick, M.P., Williamson, N., Armfield, S.W., and Lin, W. (2022) Effects of meander curvature in thermally stratified turbulent open-channel flow. Physics of Fluids, 34 (9). 096601.

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Abstract

Thermal stratification can lead to the damping of turbulence, which reduces the mixing of solutes in a fluid body. A series of direct numerical simulation (DNS) solutions sweeping through a range of four different meandering channel curvatures, from a sharp to mild curvature range, are obtained to investigate the effect of curvature on stratification in meandering thermally stratified turbulent open channel flow with an internal heat source that models radiative heating from above. Based on the DNS results, the present paper addresses two issues. First, the influence of changing curvature on the complex bi-cellular pattern of the secondary flow is investigated, including the distribution of the temperature field. Second, the effects of changing curvature on the degree of stratification are analyzed. Stratification can be characterized by the friction Richardson number Ri tau and the bulk Richardson number Ri(b). Stratification can also be viewed in terms of the transfer of energy from mean flow kinetic energy to potential energy via buoyancy fluxes. We study the effect of curvature on stratification by investigating its effect on the friction and bulk Richardson numbers. We also study the transfers between the global potential and kinetic energy reservoirs, including the global available E-a, background E-b, and total potential energy E-p, and the domain-averaged mean kinetic and turbulent kinetic energy. It is found that, in meandering channels, with the increase in curvature, E-p increases and Ri tau and Ri(b) decrease, indicating that increasing curvature leads to a decrease in the level of stratification. On the other hand, we also find that a low curvature meandering channel has a higher level of stratification than a straight channel.

Item ID: 76326
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1089-7666
Copyright Information: © 2022 Author(s).
Date Deposited: 19 Oct 2022 07:46
FoR Codes: 40 ENGINEERING > 4012 Fluid mechanics and thermal engineering > 401208 Geophysical and environmental fluid flows @ 100%
SEO Codes: 28 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 2801 Expanding knowledge > 280110 Expanding knowledge in engineering @ 100%
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