Natural-product-based solutions for tropical infectious diseases

Adegboye, Oyelola, Field, Matt A., Kupz, Andreas, Pai, Saparna, Sharma, Dileep, Smout, Michael J., Wangchuk, Phurpa, Wong, Yide, and Loiseau, Claire (2021) Natural-product-based solutions for tropical infectious diseases. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 34 (4). e00348-20.

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Abstract

About half of the world’s population and 80% of the world’s biodiversity can be found in the tropics. Many diseases are specific to the tropics, with at least 41 diseases caused by endemic bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Such diseases are of increasing concern, as the geographic range of tropical diseases is expanding due to climate change, urbanization, change in agricultural practices, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity. While traditional medicines have been used for centuries in the treatment of tropical diseases, the active natural compounds within these medicines remain largely unknown. In this review, we describe infectious diseases specific to the tropics, including their causative pathogens, modes of transmission, recent major outbreaks, and geographic locations. We further review current treatments for these tropical diseases, carefully consider the biodiscovery potential of the tropical biome, and discuss a range of technologies being used for drug development from natural resources. We provide a list of natural products with antimicrobial activity, detailing the source organisms and their effectiveness as treatment. We discuss how technological advancements, such as next-generation sequencing, are driving high-throughput natural product screening pipelines to identify compounds with therapeutic properties. This review demonstrates the impact natural products from the vast tropical biome have in the treatment of tropical infectious diseases and how high-throughput technical capacity will accelerate this discovery process.

Item ID: 69328
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1098-6618
Keywords: drug development, infectious disease, microbiology, natural products, tropics
Copyright Information: Copyright © 2021 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Funders: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM)
Projects and Grants: NHMRC Career Development Fellowship (APP1140709), NHMRC CJ Martin Early Career Fellowship (APP5121190), NIH-NCI R01 grant 2R01CA164719-06A1, NHMRC Ideas grant (APP1183323), AITHM Research Support Grant
Date Deposited: 14 Sep 2021 03:19
FoR Codes: 34 CHEMICAL SCIENCES > 3404 Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry > 340401 Biologically active molecules @ 40%
32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3205 Medical biochemistry and metabolomics > 320599 Medical biochemistry and metabolomics not elsewhere classified @ 10%
34 CHEMICAL SCIENCES > 3405 Organic chemistry > 340502 Natural products and bioactive compounds @ 50%
SEO Codes: 20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200105 Treatment of human diseases and conditions @ 50%
28 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 2801 Expanding knowledge > 280103 Expanding knowledge in the biomedical and clinical sciences @ 50%
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