G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 regulates mitochondrial bioenergetics and impairs myostatin-mediated autophagy in muscle cells

Manfredi, Leandro Henrique, Ang, Joshur, Peker, Nesibe, Dagda, Ruben K., and McFarlane, Craig McFarlane (2019) G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 regulates mitochondrial bioenergetics and impairs myostatin-mediated autophagy in muscle cells. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, 317 (4). C674-C686.

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Abstract

G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is an important protein involved in β-adrenergic receptor desensitization. In addition, studies have shown GRK2 can modulate different metabolic processes in the cell. For instance, GRK2 has been recently shown to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and increase ATP production. However, the role of GRK2 in skeletal muscle and the signaling mechanisms that regulate GRK2 remain poorly understood. Myostatin is a well-known myokine that has been shown to impair mitochondria function. Here, we have assessed the role of myostatin in regulating GRK2 and the subsequent downstream effect of myostatin regulation of GRK2 on mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle. Myostatin treatment promoted the loss of GRK2 protein in myoblasts and myotubes in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which we suggest was through enhanced ubiquitin-mediated protein loss, as treatment with proteasome inhibitors partially rescued myostatin-mediated loss of GRK2 protein. To evaluate the effects of GRK2 on mitochondrial respiration, we generated stable myoblast lines that overexpress GRK2. Stable overexpression of GRK2 resulted in increased mitochondrial content and enhanced mitochondrial/oxidative respiration. Interestingly, although overexpression of GRK2 was unable to prevent myostatin-mediated impairment of mitochondrial respiratory function, elevated levels of GRK2 blocked the increased autophagic flux observed following treatment with myostatin. Overall, our data suggest a novel role for GRK2 in regulating mitochondria mass and mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle.

Item ID: 58852
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 0363-6143
Keywords: myostatin, myoblast, GRK2, mitochondria, autophagy
Copyright Information: Copyright © 2019, American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology
Funders: Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Projects and Grants: NIH Grant GM103554, NIH Grant NS105783-01
Date Deposited: 08 Jul 2019 04:20
FoR Codes: 31 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 3101 Biochemistry and cell biology > 310102 Cell development, proliferation and death @ 40%
31 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 3101 Biochemistry and cell biology > 310103 Cell metabolism @ 50%
31 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 3101 Biochemistry and cell biology > 310111 Signal transduction @ 10%
SEO Codes: 97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970106 Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciences @ 100%
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