Influence of nitrous oxide on minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurance for laryngeal mask insertion in children

Kihara, Shinichi, Yaguchi, Yuichi, Inomata, Shinichi, Watanabe, Seiji, Brimacombe, Joseph R., Taguchi, Noriko, and Komatsuzaki, Tetsuya (2003) Influence of nitrous oxide on minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurance for laryngeal mask insertion in children. Anesthesiology, 99 (5). pp. 1055-1058.

[img] PDF (Published Version)
Restricted to Repository staff only

View at Publisher Website: http://journals.lww.com/anesthesiology/F...
 
25
6


Abstract

Background: Inhalational induction with sevoflurane and nitrous oxide is frequently used for Laryngeal Mask Airway ™ (LMA ™; Laryngeal Mask Company, Henley-on-Thames, United Kingdom) insertion in children. The authors determined the influence of nitrous oxide on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane for LMA ™ insertion.

Methods: One hundred twenty unpremedicated children (age, 1-9 yr; American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I) were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 15 end-tidal concentrations of nitrous oxide and sevoflurane for inhalational induction via a facemask: 0% nitrous oxide with 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, or 2.0% sevoflurane; 33% nitrous oxide with 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, or 1.6% sevoflurane; or 67% nitrous oxide with 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, or 1.2% sevoflurane. The LMA ™ was inserted after steady state end-tidal anesthetic concentrations had been maintained for 15 min. The response to insertion was recorded by three independent blinded observers. The interaction between nitrous oxide and sevoflurane was determined using logistic regression analysis.

Results: The MAC of sevoflurane for LMA ™ insertion (95% confidence limit) was 1.57% (1.42-1.72%), and the concentration of sevoflurane required to prevent movement in 95% of children was 1.99% (1.81-2.57%). The addition of 33% and 67% nitrous oxide linearly decreased the MAC of sevoflurane for LMA ™ insertion by 22% and 49%, respectively (P < 0.001). The interaction coefficient between nitrous oxide and sevoflurane did not differ from zero (P = 0.7843), indicating that the relation was additive.

Conclusions: Nitrous oxide and sevoflurane suppress the responses to LMA ™ insertion in a linear and additive fashion in children.

Item ID: 5743
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1528-1175
Keywords: additive contribution; infants; MAC; tracheal intubation
Date Deposited: 17 Dec 2009 00:32
FoR Codes: 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1103 Clinical Sciences > 110301 Anaesthesiology @ 100%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920115 Respiratory System and Diseases (incl. Asthma) @ 100%
Downloads: Total: 6
More Statistics

Actions (Repository Staff Only)

Item Control Page Item Control Page