The effects of temperament on depression according to the schema model: a scoping review

Lim, Charmaine Ruling, Barlas, Joanna, and Ho, Roger Chun Man (2018) The effects of temperament on depression according to the schema model: a scoping review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15 (6). 1231.

[img]
Preview
PDF (Published Version) - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.

Download (558kB) | Preview
View at Publisher Website: http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061231
 
16
1045


Abstract

Background: Recent studies have shown that not every depressed patient responds to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and some of those who do relapse upon termination. Due to its dual focus on the past and present, Schema Model (SM) represents a promising alternative model to understand depression. However, studies examining SM often operationalize the same construct differently, resulting in inconsistent evidence of change. There is no known review clarifying (1) how best to assess schema constructs; and (2) the relevant pathways to depression, without which, the empirical basis for SM cannot be examined.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted in accordance to PRISMA guidelines to map evidence of the relationship between constructs of SM and depression, and measures used to assess the constructs. 2463 articles were identified with 49 primary research studies included. This paper is a subset of the scoping review and focuses on the five studies examining effects of temperament on depression.

Results: Two models were used to operationalize temperament: The Five Factor Model (FFM) and the Psychobiological Model of Personality (PBM). The variables of neuroticism and harm avoidance were positively associated with depressive symptoms while self-directedness and cooperativeness were negative associated with depressive symptoms.

Conclusion: The FFM is more suited to operationalize temperament in studies of SM and depression due to its theoretical compatibility with SM, established psychometric properties of its measures, and widespread use among studies of SM. Out of the five factors in the FFM, only neuroticism exerts direct and indirect effects on depression. These findings are limited by homogeneous sampling, hence future research studies should consider extending it to adult clinical samples. Nevertheless, this review represents a first step in the systematic examination of the empirical basis of SM and a contribution to treatment innovation and practice for depression.

Item ID: 56079
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1660-4601
Keywords: temperament; personality; major depressive disorder; depression; schema therapy; schema model; scoping review
Copyright Information: Copyright © 2018 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
Date Deposited: 18 Jan 2019 05:06
FoR Codes: 52 PSYCHOLOGY > 5203 Clinical and health psychology > 520304 Health psychology @ 100%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9202 Health and Support Services > 920209 Mental Health Services @ 100%
Downloads: Total: 1045
Last 12 Months: 99
More Statistics

Actions (Repository Staff Only)

Item Control Page Item Control Page