Phase relations and melting of nominally 'dry' residual eclogites with variable CaO/Na2O from 3 to 5 GPa and 1250 to 1500 °C; implications for refertilisation of upwelling heterogeneous mantle

Rosenthal, Anja, Yaxley, Gregory M., Crichton, Wilson A., Kovács, István J., Spandler, Carl, Hermann, Joerg, Sándorné, Judit K., Rose-Koga, Estelle, and Pelleter, Anne-Aziliz (2018) Phase relations and melting of nominally 'dry' residual eclogites with variable CaO/Na2O from 3 to 5 GPa and 1250 to 1500 °C; implications for refertilisation of upwelling heterogeneous mantle. Lithos, 314-315. pp. 506-519.

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Abstract

This study investigates the phase and melting relations of nominally 'dry' residual eclogites (Res2 and Res3), with varying bulk CaO/Na2O ratios (4 and 12, respectively), from ~160 (5 GPa) to ~90 km (3 GPa) depth. Garnet, clinopyroxene and minor quartz/coesite are subsolidus phases in both compositions. In contrast to Res2, in Res3, the proportions of garnet always exceeding those of clinopyroxene. This also leads to higher modal quartz/coesite in Res3 relative to Res2.

In modelling melting along a near-adiabatic upwelling path with a mantle potential temperature of ~1360 °C, at 5 GPa, near-solidus andesitic Res3 partial melts are much less siliceous and sodic, and are more calcic and magnesian than the incipient dacitic melts of Res2. Continuously self-fluxed melting increases considerably from 4 to 3 GPa due to the increased breakdown of Ca-Eskolaite solid solution component in clinopyroxene along the adiabat. This causes a steepening of the solidus, but more-so for Res2 than for Res3. At 3 GPa, the near exhaustion of residual clinopyroxene causes higher melt productivity for Res3 (~60%) than for Res2 (~30%), despite both melts being of basaltic-andesite composition. Resulting Res3 melts are therefore significantly more calcic and magnesian, and less sodic than those of Res2 melts.

As Res3 undergoes a higher degree of melting relative to Res2 during adiabatic ascent, Res3 eclogitic residues become significantly more refractory; with relatively higher Mg# and grossular in garnet, higher Mg# and Ca-tschermaks, and lower jadeite components of clinopyroxene, and higher garnet/clinopyroxene ratios than eclogitic Res2 residuals.

In upwelling heterogenous mantle domains, the siliceous eclogitic melts formed within a body of eclogite will react with encapsulating mantle peridotite, effectively refertilising it and producing hybrid pyroxene- and garnet-rich rocks. Subsequent melting of these sources may lead to compositionaly diverse primitive mantle-derived magmas, with high Ca/Al and low Na/Ca signatures indicators of preferential melting of a heterogeneous mantle, previously refertilised by recycled Ca-rich oceanic crustal material, and primitive magmas with low Ca/Al and high Na/Ca derived from melting of mantle with a 'normal recycled crustal material signature'. Thus, compositional magma diversity may directly reflect precursor compositions of the mantle source region.

Item ID: 55705
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1872-6143
Keywords: Experimental petrology, Residual eclogites, Phase relations, Heterogeneous mantle melting, Petrogenesis of primitive mantle-derived magmas
Copyright Information: © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Funders: Australian Research Council (ARC), Marie Curie International (MCI)
Projects and Grants: ARC Discovery Grant DP0558189, MCI Incoming Fellowship 302637, MCI Reintegration Grant NAMS-230937
Date Deposited: 26 Sep 2018 08:20
FoR Codes: 37 EARTH SCIENCES > 3703 Geochemistry > 370302 Inorganic geochemistry @ 50%
37 EARTH SCIENCES > 3705 Geology > 370503 Igneous and metamorphic petrology @ 50%
SEO Codes: 97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970104 Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences @ 100%
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