Endemic or introduced? Phylogeography of Asparagopsis (Florideophyceae) in Australia reveals multiple introductions and a new mitochondrial lineage

Andreakis, Nikolaos, Costello, Paul, Zanolla, Marianela, Saunders, Gary W., and Mata, Leonardo (2016) Endemic or introduced? Phylogeography of Asparagopsis (Florideophyceae) in Australia reveals multiple introductions and a new mitochondrial lineage. Journal of Phycology, 52 (1). pp. 141-147.

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Abstract

The red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis embodies five cryptic mitochondrial lineages (lineage 1-5) introduced worldwide as a consequence of human mediated transport and climate change. We compared globally collected mitochondrial cox2-3 intergenic spacer sequences with sequences produced from multiple Australian locations and South Korea to identify Asparagopsis lineages and to reveal cryptic introductions. We report A. taxiformis lineage 4 from Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Australia, and the highly invasive Indo-Pacific Mediterranean lineage 2 from South Korea and Lord Howe Island, Australia. Phylogeographic analysis showed a clear haplotype and geographic separation between western Australian and Great Barrier Reef (GBR) isolates belonging to the recently described lineage 5. The same lineage, however, was characterized by a substantial genetic and geographic break between the majority of Australian specimens and Asparagopsis collections from South Solitary Island, Southern GBR, Lord Howe Island, Kermadec Islands, Norfolk Island, New Caledonia and French Polynesia. The disjunct geographic distribution and sequence divergence between these two groups supports the recognition of a sixth cryptic A. taxiformis mitochondrial lineage. As climatic changes accelerate the relocation of biota and offer novel niches for colonization, periodic surveys for early detection of cryptic invasive seaweeds will be critical in determining whether eradication or effective containment of the aliens are feasible.

Item ID: 49342
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1529-8817
Keywords: Asparagopsis, Australia, cryptic, endemic, GBR, invasive, phylogeography
Funders: National Environmental Research Program (NERP), Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa (CICE), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Canada, Canada Foundation for Innovation, New Brunswick Foundation
Projects and Grants: CICE Project P10-RNM-5187
Date Deposited: 12 Jun 2017 04:09
FoR Codes: 31 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 3104 Evolutionary biology > 310402 Biogeography and phylogeography @ 100%
SEO Codes: 96 ENVIRONMENT > 9604 Control of Pests, Diseases and Exotic Species > 960407 Control of Pests, Diseases and Exotic Species in Marine Environments @ 50%
97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970106 Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciences @ 50%
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