Strategies and approaches to vector control in nine malaria-eliminating countries: a cross-case study analysis

Smith Gueye , Cara, Newby, Gretchen, Gosling, Roland D., Whittaker, Maxine A., Chandramohan, Daniel, Slutsker, Laurence, and Tanner, Marcel (2016) Strategies and approaches to vector control in nine malaria-eliminating countries: a cross-case study analysis. Malaria Journal, 15. 2. pp. 1-14.

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Abstract

Background: There has been progress towards malaria elimination in the last decade. In response, WHO launched the Global Technical Strategy (GTS), in which vector surveillance and control play important roles. Country experiences in the Eliminating Malaria Case Study Series were reviewed to identify success factors on the road to elimination using a cross-case study analytic approach.

Methods: Reports were included in the analysis if final English language draft reports or publications were available at the time of analysis (Bhutan, Cape Verde, Malaysia, Mauritius, Namibia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Turkmenistan). A conceptual framework for vector control in malaria elimination was developed, reviewed, formatted as a matrix, and case study data was extracted and entered into the matrix. A workshop was convened during which participants conducted reviews of the case studies and matrices and arrived at a consensus on the evidence and lessons. The framework was revised and a second round of data extraction, synthesis and summary of the case study reports was conducted.

Results: Countries implemented a range of vector control interventions. Most countries aligned with integrated vector management, however its impact was not well articulated. All programmes conducted entomological surveillance, but the response (i.e., stratification and targeting of interventions, outbreak forecasting and strategy) was limited or not described. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) was commonly used by countries. There were several examples of severe reductions or halting of IRS coverage and subsequent resurgence of malaria. Funding and operational constraints and poor implementation had roles. Bed nets were commonly used by most programmes; coverage and effectiveness were either not measured or not articulated. Larval control was an important intervention for several countries, preventing re-introduction, however coverage and impact on incidence were not described. Across all interventions, coverage indicators were incomparable, and the rationale for which tools were used and which were not used appeared to be a function of the availability of funding, operational issues and cost instead of evidence of effectiveness to reduce incidence.

Conclusions: More work is required to fill gaps in programme guidance, clarify the best methods for choosing and targeting vector control interventions, and support to measure cost, cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit of vector surveillance and control interventions.

Item ID: 43872
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1475-2875
Keywords: malaria, elimination, eliminating, control, vector, vector control, entomology, surveillance, indoor residual spraying, long-lasting insecticidal nets
Additional Information:

© 2015 Smith Gueye et al.

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

Funders: Malaria Elimination Initiative of the Global Health Group (MEI-GHG), Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), University of Queensland (UQ), Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Australian Government (DFAT), Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (STPHI), Swiss Government (SG)
Date Deposited: 21 Jul 2016 22:48
FoR Codes: 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3202 Clinical sciences > 320211 Infectious diseases @ 50%
42 HEALTH SCIENCES > 4203 Health services and systems > 420315 One health @ 50%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9204 Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health) > 920499 Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health) not elsewhere classified @ 100%
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