A review of the pathophysiology and potential biomarkers for peripheral artery disease

Krishna, Smriti Murali, Moxon, Joseph V., and Golledge, Jonathan (2015) A review of the pathophysiology and potential biomarkers for peripheral artery disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16 (5). pp. 11294-11322.

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Abstract

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is due to the blockage of the arteries supplying blood to the lower limbs usually secondary to atherosclerosis. The most severe clinical manifestation of PAD is critical limb ischemia (CLI), which is associated with a risk of limb loss and mortality due to cardiovascular events. Currently CLI is mainly treated by surgical or endovascular revascularization, with few other treatments in routine clinical practice. There are a number of problems with current PAD management strategies, such as the difficulty in selecting the appropriate treatments for individual patients. Many patients undergo repeated attempts at revascularization surgery, but ultimately require an amputation. There is great interest in developing new methods to identify patients who are unlikely to benefit from revascularization and to improve management of patients unsuitable for surgery. Circulating biomarkers that predict the progression of PAD and the response to therapies could assist in the management of patients. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of PAD and examines the association between circulating biomarkers and PAD presence, severity and prognosis. While some currently identified circulating markers show promise, further larger studies focused on the clinical value of the biomarkers over existing risk predictors are needed.

Item ID: 39223
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1422-0067
Keywords: angiogenesis; arteriogenesis; biomarkers; critical limb ischemia; peripheral artery disease
Additional Information:

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Funders: National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC), Queensland Government, Townsville Hospital Private Practice Trust, James Cook University
Projects and Grants: NHMRC grant 1021416, NHMRC grant 1063476, NHMRC grant 1003707, NHHMRC grant 1000967, NHMRC Practitioner Fellowship 1019921
Date Deposited: 18 Jun 2015 03:55
FoR Codes: 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1102 Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology > 110201 Cardiology (incl Cardiovascular Diseases) @ 100%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920103 Cardiovascular System and Diseases @ 100%
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