Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids regulate apoptosis in human THP-1 cells in a PPARγ-dependent manner

Vangaveti, Venkat N., Shashidar, Venkatesh M., Rush, Catherine, Malabu, Usman H., Rasalam, Roy R., Collier, Fiona, Baune, Bernhard T., and Kennedy, Richard L. (2014) Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids regulate apoptosis in human THP-1 cells in a PPARγ-dependent manner. Lipids, 49 (12). pp. 1181-1192.

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Abstract

Macrophage apoptosis, a key process in atherogenesis, is regulated by oxidation products, including hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs). These stable oxidation products of linoleic acid (LA) are abundant in atherosclerotic plaque and activate PPARγ and GPR132. We investigated the mechanisms through which HODEs regulate apoptosis. The effect of HODEs on THP-1 monocytes and adherent THP-1 cells were compared with other C18 fatty acids, LA and α-linolenic acid (ALA). The number of cells was reduced within 24 hours following treatment with 9-HODE (p < 0.01, 30 μM) and 13 HODE (p < 0.01, 30 μM), and the equivalent cell viability was also decreased (p < 0.001). Both 9-HODE and 13-HODE (but not LA or ALA) markedly increased caspase-3/7 activity (p < 0.001) in both monocytes and adherent THP-1 cells, with 9-HODE the more potent. In addition, 9-HODE and 13-HODE both increased Annexin-V labelling of cells (p < 0.001). There was no effect of LA, ALA, or the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone (1μM), but the effect of HODEs was replicated with apoptosis-inducer camptothecin (10μM). Only 9-HODE increased DNA fragmentation. The pro-apoptotic effect of HODEs was blocked by the caspase inhibitor DEVD-CHO. The PPARγ antagonist T0070907 further increased apoptosis, suggestive of the PPARγ-regulated apoptotic effects induced by 9-HODE. The use of siRNA for GPR132 showed no evidence that the effect of HODEs was mediated through this receptor. 9-HODE and 13-HODE are potent—and specific—regulators of apoptosis in THP-1 cells. Their action is PPARγ-dependent and independent of GPR132. Further studies to identify the signalling pathways through which HODEs increase apoptosis in macrophages may reveal novel therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis.

Item ID: 35985
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1558-9307
Keywords: monocytes, macrophages, apoptosis, oxidized lipids
Funders: James Cook University, Private Practice Research Fund of Townsville
Date Deposited: 11 Nov 2014 01:39
FoR Codes: 06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology > 060103 Cell Development, Proliferation and Death @ 50%
06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology > 060106 Cellular Interactions (incl Adhesion, Matrix, Cell Wall) @ 20%
06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology > 060104 Cell Metabolism @ 30%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920103 Cardiovascular System and Diseases @ 80%
92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920104 Diabetes @ 20%
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