Late-stage diagnosis of HIV infection in Brazilian children: evidence from two national cohort studies

Ramos, Alberto Novaes, Matida, Luiza Harunari, Alencar, Carlos Henrique, Hearst, Norman, and Heukelbach, Jorg (2013) Late-stage diagnosis of HIV infection in Brazilian children: evidence from two national cohort studies. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 29 (7). pp. 1291-1300.

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Abstract

This study analyzed data from two consecutive retrospective cohort samples (1983 to 1998 and 1999 to 2002) of Brazilian children with AIDS (N = 1,758) through mother-to-child-transmission. Late-stage diagnosis (CDC category C) was investigated in relation to the following variables: year of birth, year of HIV diagnosis, and time periods related to changes in government treatment guidelines. Late-stage diagnosis occurred in 731 (41.6%) of cases and was more prevalent in infants under 12 months of age. The rate of late-stage diagnosis decreased from 48% to 36% between the two periods studied. We also observed a reduction in the proportion of late-stage diagnoses and the time lapse between HIV diagnosis and ART initiation. A significant association was found between timely diagnosis and having been born in recent years (OR = 0.62; p = 0.009) and year of HIV diagnosis (OR = 0.72; p = 0.002/OR = 0.62; p < 0.001). Infants under the age of 12 months were more likely to be diagnosed at a late stage than older children (OR = 1.70; p = 0.004). Despite advances, there is a need to improve the effectiveness of policies and programs focused on improving early diagnosis and management of HIV/AIDS.

Item ID: 32064
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1678-4464
Keywords: HIV; delayed diagnosis; child
Funders: Brazilian Department of STD, Aids and Viral Hepatitis of the Ministry of Health/ Secretariat of Health Surveillance
Date Deposited: 23 Apr 2014 05:53
FoR Codes: 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1117 Public Health and Health Services > 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified @ 100%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9204 Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health) > 920499 Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health) not elsewhere classified @ 100%
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