The human hookworm vaccine

Hotez, Peter J., Diemert, David, Bacon, Kristina M., Beaumier, Coreen, Bethony, Jeffrey M., Bottazzi, Maria Elena, Brooker, Simon, Couto, Artur Roberto, da Silva Freire, Marcos, Homma, Akira, Lee, Bruce Y., Loukas, Alex, Loblack, Marva, Morel , Carlos Medicis, Oliveira, Rodrigo Correa, and Russell, Philip K. (2013) The human hookworm vaccine. Vaccine, 31 (Supplement 2). B227-B232.

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Abstract

Hookworm infection is one of the world's most common neglected tropical diseases and a leading cause of iron deficiency anemia in low- and middle-income countries. A Human Hookworm Vaccine is currently being developed by the Sabin Vaccine Institute and is in phase 1 clinical testing. The candidate vaccine is comprised of two recombinant antigens known as Na-GST-1 and Na-APR-1, each of which is an important parasite enzyme required for hookworms to successfully utilize host blood as a source of energy. The recombinant proteins are formulated on Alhydrogel® and are being tested in combination with a synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 agonist. The aim of the vaccine is to induce anti-enzyme antibodies that will reduce both host blood loss and the number of hookworms attached to the gut. Transfer of the manufacturing technology to the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)/Bio-Manguinhos (a Brazilian public sector developing country vaccine manufacturer) is planned, with a clinical development plan that could lead to registration of the vaccine in Brazil. The vaccine would also need to be introduced in the poorest regions of Africa and Asia, where hookworm infection is highly endemic. Ultimately, the vaccine could become an essential tool for achieving hookworm control and elimination, a key target in the 2012 London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases.

Item ID: 28492
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1873-2518
Keywords: hookworm, Na-GST-1, Na-APR-1, parasite, hookworm vaccine, human hookworm
Additional Information:

This is an open access article published under a CC-BY Attribution license.

Funders: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Brazilian Ministry of Health
Date Deposited: 19 Aug 2013 06:39
FoR Codes: 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1108 Medical Microbiology > 110803 Medical Parasitology @ 100%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920109 Infectious Diseases @ 100%
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