Extracellular vesicles from parasitic helminths contain specific excretory/secretory proteins and are internalized in intestinal host cells

Marcilla, Antonio, Trelis, Maria, Cortés, Alba, Sotillo, Javier, Cantalapiedra, Fernando, Minguez, María Teresa, Valero, María Luz, Sánchez del Pino, Manuel Mateo, Muñoz-Antoli, Carla, Toledo, Rafael, and Bernal, Dolores (2012) Extracellular vesicles from parasitic helminths contain specific excretory/secretory proteins and are internalized in intestinal host cells. PLoS ONE, 7 (9). e45974. pp. 1-9.

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Abstract

The study of host-parasite interactions has increased considerably in the last decades, with many studies focusing on the identification of parasite molecules (i.e. surface or excretory/secretory proteins (ESP)) as potential targets for new specific treatments and/or diagnostic tools. In parallel, in the last few years there have been significant advances in the field of extracellular vesicles research. Among these vesicles, exosomes of endocytic origin, with a characteristic size ranging from 30–100 nm, carry several atypical secreted proteins in different organisms, including parasitic protozoa. Here, we present experimental evidence for the existence of exosome-like vesicles in parasitic helminths, specifically the trematodes Echinostoma caproni and Fasciola hepatica. These microvesicles are actively released by the parasites and are taken up by host cells. Trematode extracellular vesicles contain most of the proteins previously identified as components of ESP, as confirmed by proteomic, immunogold labeling and electron microscopy studies. In addition to parasitic proteins, we also identify host proteins in these structures. The existence of extracellular vesicles explains the secretion of atypical proteins in trematodes, and the demonstration of their uptake by host cells suggests an important role for these structures in host-parasite communication, as described for other infectious agents.

Item ID: 26333
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1932-6203
Keywords: exosomes, proteomics, Fasciola hepatica, trematode
Additional Information:

© Marcilla et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Funders: FIS09/02355 and SAF2010-16236 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, FEDER; PROMETEO/2009/081 from Conselleria d’Educacio Generalitat Valenciana (Valencia, Spain),, UV-AE-10- 23739 from the Universitat de Vale`ncia (Valencia, Spain)
Date Deposited: 18 Apr 2013 02:08
FoR Codes: 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1108 Medical Microbiology > 110803 Medical Parasitology @ 100%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920109 Infectious Diseases @ 60%
97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970107 Expanding Knowledge in the Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences @ 20%
97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970111 Expanding Knowledge in the Medical and Health Sciences @ 20%
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