Thyroid function and pregnancy: before, during and beyond

Kennedy, R.L., Malabu, U.H., Jarrod, G., Nigam, P., Kannan, K., and Rane, A. (2010) Thyroid function and pregnancy: before, during and beyond. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 30 (8). pp. 774-783.

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Abstract

Thyroid disturbances are common in women during the reproductive years of their lives. Autoimmunity and altered iodine status together account for a high proportion of the abnormalities. Autoimmune thyroid disease is present in around 4% of young females, and up to 15% are at risk because they are thyroid antibody-positive. There is a strong relationship between thyroid immunity on the one hand and infertility, miscarriage, and thyroid disturbances in pregnancy and postpartum on the other hand. Suboptimal iodine status affects a large proportion of the world's population, and pregnancy further depletes iodine stores. There is controversy surrounding the degree to which iodine should be supplemented and the duration of supplementation. Recent studies have helped to clarify the relationship between maternal thyroid status and neuropsychological development of the child. The role of other environmental factors including smoking and selenium status is also now recognised. Universal screening for thyroid hormone abnormalities is not routinely recommended at present. However, measurement of thyroid function and autoantibodies should certainly be considered in those who are at high risk of thyroid disease and in those whose pregnancy is otherwise high risk. The practicing clinician needs to be aware of the thyroid changes which accompany pregnancy.

Item ID: 15614
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1364-6893
Keywords: thyroid, pregnancy, iodine, hypothyroidism, goitre
Date Deposited: 04 Mar 2011 05:11
FoR Codes: 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine > 111402 Obstetrics and Gynaecology @ 50%
11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1103 Clinical Sciences > 110306 Endocrinology @ 50%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920106 Endocrine Organs and Diseases (excl. Diabetes) @ 50%
92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920114 Reproductive System and Disorders @ 50%
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