Bacterial community structure and denitrifier (nir-gene) abundance in soil water and groundwater beneath agricultural land in tropical North Queensland, Australia

Wakelin, Steven A., Nelson, Paul N., Armour, John D., Rasiah, Vellupillai, and Colloff, Matthew J. (2011) Bacterial community structure and denitrifier (nir-gene) abundance in soil water and groundwater beneath agricultural land in tropical North Queensland, Australia. Soil Research, 49 (1). pp. 65-76.

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Abstract

We explored the microbial ecology of water draining through the soil (lysimeter samples) and in the shallow aquifers (bore samples) underlying sugarcane and banana fields near the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia. Lysimeter and bore water samples were collected and analysed chemically and with DNA fingerprinting methods (PCR-DGGE and clone library sequencing) to characterise the structure of the bacterial community. Bacterial communities in soil water and bore water were distinct (P < 0.05), and a primary factor linked with bacterial community structure was water pH (P < 0.05), particularly in water sampled from lysimeters. Irrespective of treatment, >80% of all rRNA gene sequences originated from proteobacteria. However, groundwater communities differed from those in soil water by greater occurrence of Neisseriales and Comamonadaceae (P < 0.01). qPCR was used to measure copy numbers of the nirK and nirS genes encoding NOforming nitrite reductases. Copy numbers of both genes were greater in soil water samples than groundwater (P = 0.05), with the difference in nirK being greater under sugarcane than banana. These differences in nirK-gene abundance show that there is greater potential for denitrification in soil water under sugarcane, leading to low concentrations of nitrate in the underlying groundwater. This knowledge can be used towards development of soil and land-use management practices promoting bacterial denitrification in groundwater to lessen the undesirable ecological consequences where groundwater discharges lower in the GBR catchment zones.

Item ID: 15343
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1838-6768
Keywords: Great Barrier Reef, water quality, microbial ecology, hydrology
Funders: Australian Research Council
Date Deposited: 01 Mar 2011 03:10
FoR Codes: 05 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES > 0502 Environmental Science and Management > 050209 Natural Resource Management @ 50%
05 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES > 0502 Environmental Science and Management > 050206 Environmental Monitoring @ 50%
SEO Codes: 82 PLANT PRODUCTION AND PLANT PRIMARY PRODUCTS > 8203 Industrial Crops > 820304 Sugar @ 20%
82 PLANT PRODUCTION AND PLANT PRIMARY PRODUCTS > 8202 Horticultural Crops > 820214 Tropical Fruit @ 20%
96 ENVIRONMENT > 9614 Soils > 961402 Farmland, Arable Cropland and Permanent Cropland Soils @ 60%
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