Deep bed filtration: mathematical models and observations

Jegatheesan, V., and Vigneswaran, S. (2005) Deep bed filtration: mathematical models and observations. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 35. pp. 515-569.

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Abstract

Numerous mathematical models have been developed to evaluate both initial and transient stage removal efficiency of deep bed filters. Microscopic models either using trajectory analysis or convective diffusion equations were used to compute the initial removal efficiency. These models predicted the removal efficiency under favorable filtration conditions quantitatively, but failed to predict the removal efficiency under unfavorable conditions. They underestimated the removal efficiency under unfavorable conditions. Thus, semi-empirical formulations were developed to compute initial removal efficiencies under unfavorable conditions. Also, correction for the adhesion of particles onto filter grains improved the results obtained for removal efficiency from the trajectory analysis. Macroscopic models were used to predict the transient stage removal efficiency of deep bed filters. The O’Melia and Ali1 model assumed that the particle removal is due to filter grains as well as the particles that are already deposited onto the filter grain. Thus, semi-empirical models were used to predict the ripening of filtration. Several modifications were made to the model developed by O’Melia and Ali to predict the deterioration of particle removal during the transient stages of filtration. Models considering the removal of particles under favorable conditions and the accumulation of charges on the filter grains during the transient stages were also developed. This article evaluates those models and their applicability under different operating conditions of filtration.

Item ID: 1211
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1547-6537
Keywords: collection efficiency; favorable conditions; initial stage; surface chemistry; transient stage; unfavorable conditions
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© Taylor & Francis 2005. This journal is available online (use hypertext link above)

Date Deposited: 10 Nov 2006
FoR Codes: 09 ENGINEERING > 0904 Chemical Engineering > 090404 Membrane and Separation Technologies @ 80%
09 ENGINEERING > 0907 Environmental Engineering > 090702 Environmental Engineering Modelling @ 20%
SEO Codes: 96 ENVIRONMENT > 9609 Land and Water Management > 960999 Land and Water Management of Environments not elsewhere classified @ 100%
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